Wedge
A wedge is a simple machine used to push two objects apart. If you put two inclined planes back to back, you get a wedge. A wedge is a triangular shaped tool, a portable inclined plane, and one of the six simple machines. It can be used to separate two objects or portions of an object, lift up an object, or hold an object in place. 

Examples of the wedge include knives, chisels, and axes.

In their everyday lives, children frequently encounter wedges, a type of simple machine, often without even noticing. Characterized by two inclined planes arranged back to back, wedges are designed to alter the direction of force, facilitating the cutting or splitting of objects, or securing them in place.  This mechanism is utilized in commonplace items like knives, axes, doorstops, and even certain playground slides, making these items recognizable examples of wedges for kids. An intriguing aspect of wedges is their efficiency; the sharper a wedge is, the less force is required to perform its function, demonstrating its effectiveness as a simple machine.
How do Wedges help us?
A wedge is like a portable slanted tool. It can split things, such as when an ax splits a log. It can also stop things, like a doorstop, and lift things, like a plow lifting soil.

Similar to other simple machines, a wedge makes it easier to do work by making the force needed less and increasing the distance over which the work is done.

When using a wedge, like when splitting a log with an ax, you push down, but the sides of the log move outward. This makes it easier to push down on the wood than to pull it apart. So, in simple terms, wedges help us by making work easier and changing the direction of force.
​Wedge Vocab
  • Wedge: a simple machine used to separate or hold together materials
  • Separate: divide, tear, or move apart
  • Secure: hold in place; make stable
Facts about Wedges​
  1. A wedge is a simple machine.
  2. It’s a type of inclined plane.
  3. Used to split or cut objects.
  4. Converts force into a splitting action.
  5. Has a thin edge and a wide base.
  6. Increases force efficiency.
  7. Common in axes and knives.
  8. Reduces the effort needed for tasks.
  9. The oldest known wedge is from 8000 BC.
  10. Also used in doorstops and chisels.
Examples of Wedges
1. Knife: a knife uses a wedge to cut through objects.
2. Axe: an axe's wedge shape splits wood when chopping.
3. Doorstop: it holds a door open by using a wedge.
4. Chisel: it separates materials by applying pressure at its wedge-shaped tip.
5. Nail: a nail's pointed end works as a wedge when hammered into wood.
6. Zipper: a zipper's teeth function as wedges to fasten or unfasten.
7. Tacks: they secure things to a surface by piercing in with their wedge shape.
Try This!
  • Experiment: "Wedge Fun with Slicing Shapes"

Materials:
Playdough or modeling clay
Plastic knife or a butter knife (blunt and safe for children)
Various soft materials (e.g., fruits like bananas or soft vegetables)
Optional: Craft foam or cardboard, glue, and markers for creating wedge shapes

Procedure:
Introduction (5 minutes):
Begin by introducing the concept of wedges to preschoolers. Explain that wedges are simple machines with a pointed shape that can be used to split or separate things.

Setup (5 minutes):
Give each child a small amount of playdough or modeling clay.
Provide a plastic or butter knife for each child.

Experiment (15 minutes):
Instruct the children to use the plastic knife to cut or slice through the playdough.
Discuss how the knife has a wedge shape and how it helps in cutting or separating the playdough.
Encourage them to experiment with cutting different shapes and sizes using the wedge-shaped knife.​
Questions/Discussion
  • How does the wedge-shaped knife help you cut through the playdough?
  • Can you think of other objects or tools with wedge shapes?
  • What happens when you press the wedge harder or softer into the playdough?
  • Why do you think wedges are helpful in cutting or splitting things?​
Family Connection
  • Encourage families to explore wedges in the kitchen by involving preschoolers in cutting soft fruits or vegetables with a safe knife.
  • Have parents help their children create wedge shapes from craft foam or cardboard, decorating them with markers.
  • Ask families to find examples of wedges in their homes or community, such as doorstops, cutting tools, or even the tip of a pencil.
  • Prompt the children to explore how wedges are used in everyday life, such as cutting food, splitting objects, or holding doors open.​
Learn more...​
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